Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil for the pasta.
While water is heating, make the sauce: heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat and add minced garlic, cooking for 1-2 minutes until fragrant but not browned.
Add the crushed tomatoes, oregano, dried basil, sugar, salt, and red pepper flakes if using. Stir well and bring to a simmer.
Reduce heat to low and let the sauce simmer for 20-25 minutes, stirring occasionally, until it thickens slightly and flavors meld together.
Meanwhile, cook the pasta according to package directions until al dente, then drain, reserving 1/2 cup of pasta water.
Add the cooked pasta to the sauce and toss to combine, adding a splash of reserved pasta water if needed to help the sauce coat the pasta.
Stir in fresh basil if using, taste and adjust seasonings, then serve immediately with grated Parmesan cheese.