Heat olive oil in a large, deep pot or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add minced garlic and sauté for 1 minute until fragrant.
Add the cherry tomatoes, sun-dried tomatoes, and olives. Cook for 3-4 minutes until the cherry tomatoes start to soften.
Pour in the vegetable broth and add the dried oregano, red pepper flakes, salt, and black pepper. Bring to a boil.
Add the penne pasta, stirring to ensure it's submerged in the liquid. Reduce heat to medium and cook for 12-15 minutes, stirring occasionally, until pasta is al dente and most of the liquid has been absorbed.
Stir in the fresh spinach and cook for 1-2 minutes until wilted.
Remove from heat and top with crumbled feta cheese and fresh basil. Serve immediately and enjoy!