Melt butter in a skillet over medium-low heat and cook sliced onions, stirring often, for 25-30 minutes until deeply caramelized. Let cool slightly.
Preheat oven to 400°F and line a baking sheet with foil.
Mix ground beef, breadcrumbs, egg, Worcestershire sauce, garlic powder, salt, and pepper in a bowl.
Divide meat into portions, flatten each, place a small spoonful of caramelized onion and a pinch of Gruyère in the center, and seal the meat around the filling.
Place on baking sheet, top each with a little extra Gruyère, and bake for 18-22 minutes.
Garnish with fresh thyme before serving.