Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Line baking sheets with parchment.
Cream butter and sugars until light. Beat in eggs one at a time, then vanilla.
Whisk flour, baking soda, and salt; add to wet ingredients and mix until combined.
Fold in chopped pretzels and caramel pieces. Dough will be slightly sticky.
Scoop tablespoon-sized balls onto sheets, leaving space to spread. Lightly press tops and sprinkle coarse sea salt.
Bake 9–11 minutes until edges are set and centers look slightly soft. Cool on sheet 5 minutes, then transfer to rack.